THIẾU HỤT ANTITHROMBIN: BÁO CÁO CA BỆNH TẠI BỆNH VIỆN BẠCH MAI VÀ TỔNG QUAN Y VĂN

Abstract

Objective: To report a case of congenital antithrombin III (AT) deficiency presenting with thrombosis and provide a literature review on the diagnosis and treatment of this condition. Case report: An 18-year-old male was admitted to the hospital in a comatose state, on mechanical ventilation, diagnosed with deep vein thrombosis of the right femoral vein and pulmonary embolism complicated by cardiac arrest and sepsis. Family history revealed relatives with thrombosis at a young age. Laboratory tests showed severe coagulation disorder with AT III decreased to 13%. The patient was treated with ECMO, standard heparin, fresh frozen plasma transfusion, and later transitioned to rivaroxaban. Conclusion: Hereditary AT deficiency is an important cause of thrombosis in young individuals. Diagnosis is based on family history, coagulation tests, and AT III activity quantification. Treatment requires a combination of anticoagulation and AT supplementation. Close monitoring and long-term anticoagulation therapy are necessary due to the high risk of thrombosis recurrence.